Jesus knows how to grab our attention, doesn’t he? He introduces his parable with the question, “What do you think?” (v.28). That question is about as powerful as they come, because it clearly and directly invites the listener to be a part of the story. What was true then may be even more true today – everyone has an opinion, and we love being asked it, because the truth is, we were going to give it anyway! No one holds back on their opinion, so Jesus, the master story-teller who knows our hearts even better than we do, draws us in by asking, “What do you think?”
Well let me go first. I suppose there are plenty of ways the response, “No,” can get our attention, but few of them make get to me as much as when that “no” is spoken by a child in direct defiance of a parent’s command, as it was in today’s parable. I suppose it shouldn’t surprise me that kids, sinful nature and all, are prone to such a response. What is really telling in those situations, however, is how the parent responds. Will mom or dad tolerate such a defiant response and let it go, further reinforcing it and guaranteeing that it will be spouted off with much more confidence by the child in the future, or will it be addressed right then and there?
If, like me, you’re waiting to see how the dad responds in the parable, don’t hold your breath. We don’t ever get his response. Rather, we’re just told the son eventually changed his mind and ended up doing what his father asked. “There was a man who had two sons. He went to the first and said, ‘Son, go and work today in the vineyard.’ ‘I will not,’ he answered, but later he changed his mind and went” (v. 28-29). That’s it. A brief introduction to the first son, a description of his actions, no response from the father, and then the parable continues on to the other son. “Then the father went to the other son and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I will, sir,’ but he did not go” (v.30). And that concludes the parable. Three verses. Three characters. Very few details, and “The End.” One of the effects of Jesus’ short and sweet parables, though, is that instead of trying to sort through lots of details and trying to associate meaning to them, we’re left with more of an urgent, nagging desire to know the meaning behind the parable. In the case of this one, namely, whom do the sons in the parable represent?
For the answer to that, Jesus again involves his hearers, the chief priest and the elders, who were listening to him teach in the temple courts and had already questioned his authority to do so. Jesus asks them a question and uses their response to explain what would have been to them a rather unpleasant and outright offensive truth. “Which of the two did what his father wanted?” “The first,” they answered. Jesus said to them, “Truly I tell you, the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you. For John came to you to show you the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did” (v. 31-32). Jesus then clearly identifies the first son in the parable as representing the tax collectors and the prostitutes, the very types of people the religious leaders despised. Because we are familiar with the religious leaders from Jesus’ interactions with them in the Gospels, we don’t have to imagine how that sat with them.
How does it sit with us? The past two Sundays, at the conclusion of our previous sermon series and the start of this one, we were reminded that forgiveness and grace are for everyone. That makes for a very touching storyline, but it seems to get a little tougher to swallow when we stop to consider the challenging reality of who that includes. Who could the first son represent today? It’s definitely not the types of people we’d consider as fine church-going folks, is it? Rather, it’s those with checkered pasts, to put it mildly, who at some point after their prodigal son-like wayward living, eventually come to faith in Jesus. Basically, think of the type of person that makes you cringe, the farthest thing away from the church going type. The people like that, who at some point in time come to faith in Jesus, are represented by the first son.
It could be the die-hard atheist who spent his lifetime attacking Christianity, who finally succumbs to the very gospel he hated and sees Jesus as his Savior. It could be the sinners who sin that sin that reaaaaaaally gets under your skin, only to later confess that sin, and in repentance rejoice in Jesus’ forgiveness. The first son could be the political analyst who holds what you consider to be a radically opposing view, who actually is a Jesus follower, too. The first son could be the converted prisoner we skeptically roll our eyes at when he claims to have “found Jesus” while serving time. We could go on.
There’s something else worth noting when we think about “those types of people”; Jesus seemed to spend a lot of time around them, didn’t he? Jesus, the churchiest of church guys, not only didn’t avoid such sinners, but actually went out of his way to be among them! Think of how frequently the Pharisees themselves tried to shame Jesus for associating in such scandalous circles. Jesus spent an awful lot of time in his ministry with first sons who by their lives defiantly protest, “I will not” to the father, so that in the end, through his patient preaching and teaching, they might later change their mind, as well as their ways and their heart, and up believing in Jesus and living for him.
And here’s the most shocking part of Jesus’ parable: these are the ones who are first in line for heaven! They don’t eke it out and barely squeeze their way in, as we might expect; no, Jesus told the religious leaders that these are the types of people “entering the kingdom of God ahead of you” (v.31). How could the church-going types not be first in line? Frankly, it’s a rather offensive thought, isn’t it? It reminds me of the story of the “upstanding” member of a church who discovered that the pastor had called on a dying delinquent, a non-active member of the church, and assured him of Jesus’ forgiveness and his home in heaven. Upon hearing this, the upstanding member took the pastor to task, incredulous that he would do such a thing. “If that is the sort of person who is allowed in heaven, then I have no desire to go there.” To that the pastor replied, “Don’t worry – if that is truly your feeling on the matter, you don’t have to be concerned about being in heaven with him.”
Here’s where this particular parable leaves us feeling a little unsure of ourselves. On the one hand, when we hear about the types of people represented by the first son, we don’t particularly gravitate toward that crowd! That’s not really how we want to be thought of or considered… yet they’re first in line for heaven, which DOES appeal to us. Well, if we’re not sure about how we feel identifying as the first son, there’s only one more option in the parable, and it isn’t really any more appealing.
The second son gave what we’d all consider was the proper – and particularly polite! – response. “Yes, sir – I’ll get right on it.” But it goes no further than that. There is nothing that follows the dutiful reply. He was merely paying lip service to his father. Though his response made him appear to be the perfect child every parent dreams of, his actions showed something else. The second son bears a striking resemblance to the individual Jesus warned about elsewhere when he said, “Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom’s of heaven, but only he who does the will of my Father who is in heaven” (Mt. 7:21). Yikes! And if at this point it isn’t clear who does Jesus identify as being represented by the second son? Not necessarily a much more favorable social circle: the pharisees. He pointed out that this was the third time they were being called to repentance. First, they refused to heed John the baptist’s call to repent and believe. Second, they weren’t convinced even after the prostitutes and tax-collectors did repent and believed. Now Jesus comes to them again with his call to repentance through this parable.
The bigger question though, is where does this all leave us? The first son would seem to be the easier one to spot, agree? Are there some hearing this message that need to hear and heed that warning? Yes. The second son may not be as easy to spot, but where would he be more likely to hang out? Wouldn’t it be in church? Wouldn’t it be at a Bible study? Wouldn’t it be in a leadership position? Wouldn’t it be the proper, polite, say-all-the-right things person that everyone would agree on the outside appears to be everything we’d expect of the ideal Christian and much more? Yet, aside from saying the right things and looking the part, there is no actual substance. There is no faith behind the guise of right words and possibly even actions.
So where again does this parable leave us? Believe it or not, with hope. Because you notice that Jesus leaves the doorway to his kingdom cracked open for both sons. The first sons may be entering first through that door, but Jesus explained to the second sons that the door was still cracked open, for “ahead of you” means there’s still room. You hear that? It doesn’t matter if you’re a first son or a second son – the door is still open. There still is room. For you. For me. For every other son!
How can this be? How can the doorway to heaven remain opened for both sons? Someone once made an excellent point about the missing son in the parable, the unmentioned son one we might call the third son. How was he different from the first two? He not only said “Yes, sir,” but he also followed through perfectly and did what he said he would do. Who is this third unmentioned son? It’s Jesus. The perfect Son. Our perfect Savior. He is the reason heaven is held open to any son, first or second, life-long church-going member, or late-to-the-party prodigal. This third Son Jesus literally did everything the Father asked him. And he did it perfectly, satisfying the Father’s righteous expectations.
What’s more, he paid the highest price that could be paid so that other sons and daughters would be able to enter the kingdom of God. Only by his blood can we rightly even be called sons and daughters, brought into the family through repentance and faith. The change of mind, the turning away from my way to God’s way; the confession of sin; the confidence of complete forgiveness. These are the blessings the third Son brings for everyone else, for us.
You’ve heard it said that it’s not how you start; it’s how you finish. Regardless then of which son you are, cling to the third Son, Jesus, and live in faith over fear, peace over panic, and hope over helplessness.